Egzamin pisemny z j. angielskiego - Wydział Medyczny - PRZYKŁADOWE ZADANIA
SŁUCHANIE (10 pkt)
Listen to an interview about vaccination programmes. Choose one answer A, B or C. You will listen to the recording twice, you have two minutes to study the sentences below.
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Over the past decades vaccination programmes
a. have been least successful from among all public health programmes
b. have been limited
c. have focused on the poor and the isolated
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Due to vaccination the number of deaths per year
a. is 2 million
b. is reduced by 2 million
c. is now more than 2 million
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According to the expert, which disease has almost been eradicated
a. polio
b. tetanus
c. measles
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Currently the number of children who are not immunized is
a. over 20 million
b. over 15 %
c. 83 %
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The expert states that most often the reason for many children not getting immunized is
a. coming from poor background
b. not being covered by any healthcare system
c. living in the country
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The problem of storage of vaccines is linked to
a. excessive manufacturing
b. expensive and faulty power systems
c. poor knowledge on how to store them
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For the logistics of vaccines to be effective a computer system must monitor
a. demand
b. supply
c. consumption and supply
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The cost of vaccination programmes can be reduced by using vaccines which are
a. generic
b. branded
c. counterfeit
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Vaccination programmes mean cost reduction in terms of
a. global manufacturing
b. treatment of diseases
c. patient recovery
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DALY means
a. the years of potential life lost because of premature death
b. the years of productive life lost because of disability
c. both a. and b.
Opracowane na podstawie: https://www.examenglish.com/B2/b2_listening_health.htm
CZYTANIE (10 pkt)
Read this text about drug piracy and mark your answers: true (T) or false (F) for the statements below it.
’’Ok, I could understand, a black market of CD’s, pirated computer programmes, perfumes or chic clothes, says Dr John Garth from Liverpool’s St. Gilbert’s Hospital, but forging an antibiotic with which small children would not be able to recover in a due time is a sheer ruthlessness!’’
Unfortunately, drug forging is more than often a sad fact in today’s reality. Newspapers frequently highlight the reports of patients who die because of ingesting spurious copies of major drugs which are either weakened substitutes or, simply – other dangerous substances with strong lethal effect.
Poor, third world countires abound is such cases. Poverty, constant doing without, thriving corruption, and the lack of established standards of medical healthcare make the situation perilously dangerous. In these countries, the owners of pharmacies (who in many cases are not pharmacists) seem, above all, to be concerned about money, that is why they produce or import fakes, the drugs that cost nothing but bring fortunes. To make things worse, even hospital management appears to be liable to such monkey tricks.
Suffering from an illness can be expensive, no matter where you live. A week in a hospital or a visit to a dentist may rip off half of your earnings. And what if you are chronically ill or have to rely on one drug for the rest of your life which is the case with diabetic or cancer patients? Drug therapies, especially with terminally ill patients, substantially and regularly drain the family pocket. There comes the solution: ’’helpful people’’ who will readily sell a hundred of a series with only a symbolic cost.
Why spend a lot on a blister pack of ten Bayer Aspirin tablets while in the market or street pharmacy in India you can get it ten times cheaper? Thanks to clever bathtub chemists, you can buy fakes of Zantac (an ulcer drug), Fansidar (a drug against malaria), Adriamicin (a medicament for leukaemia) or Naprosyn (an arthritis drug).
The fake presents a variety in itself. It may be a weakened drug, of one tenth of the purported strength or a genuine placebo. The name must, then, be familiar or at least sound the bell of familiarity. In this way, we may have tablets of Prozad, Zantik and Velium. Patenting law has to be silent as no offence is committed.
Fakery is epidemic in countries that do not recognise international drug patents. There, more than a quarter of all medicines available on the market are phoney, substandard, or without purity seals. The crop is many people dying every month, when, for example, the treatment of an acute state of malaria is counterfacted with a fake anti-malaric drug.
Who are the counterfeiters? Why do they act with such cruelty and insensitivity? As far as I know, they divide into home made specialists, who work at their desk, and big manufacturers working with chemicals freely available on the market. It happens that the country where the spurious drug is produced doesn’t make any use of it and the drug is sent away somewhere else – to the country which has more permissive regulations. The profits are immense accoridng to the size and the scope of activity, but the ’’human factor’’ of the potential victims is usually ignored.
Pharmaceutical companies are also hardly willing to acknowledge the problem. If they did, they would have to be forced to a rapid action. That would, basically, mean thousands of brand name drugs withdrawn from pharmacies’ shelves worldwide and some companies’ financial crash.
1. According to Dr Garth, giving fake antibiotics to innocent children is inhuman.
2. The words ’perilously dangerous’ in line 8 strongly imply the immediacy of danger.
3. The popularity of fake drugs can be attributed to their cost-effectiveness.
4. Taking counterfeit drugs cannot be fatal.
5. Drug fakery is not yet well developed in third world countries.
6. International drug patents are mandatory everywhere all over the world.
7. Drug counterfeiters are mostly medical professionals.
8. Fake drugs are similar to the original in terms of their packaging.
9. Drug fakery is a problem for pharmaceutical companies which they are trying to combat.
10. The word ’phoney’ in paragraph 7 (line 2) is the same as ’authentic, original.’
Opracowane na podstawie: Flieger, Piotr. Medical Files. Wydawnictwo Czelej 2001.
SŁOWNICTWO (20 pkt)
Task 1. CHOOSE ONE ANSWER A, B, C or D.
1. The blood delivers oxygen and .................... to the tissues of the body and removes carbon dioxide and waste material from the tissues.
A foodstuff
B nutrition
C nutrients
D nurture
2. In the respiratory system air goes into the larynx where it passes through the vocal cords and into the .................... .
A oesophagus
B epiglottis
C trachea
D alveoli
3. The inner part of the hand is in other words the …..................... .
A dorsum
B wrist
C palm
D extremity
4. The primary bronchi divide into smaller branches and the finest bronchi are called .................... .
A bronchitis
B bronchioles
C bronchis
D bronchuses
5. The condition characterised by bloating, wind and discomfort is known as ….....................
A dysuria
B incontinence
C irritable bowel syndrome
D angina pectoris
6. …........................ care is one that is active short-term treatment for a severe injury or condition.
A acute
B attentive
C immediate
D casual
7. …......................... tests such as mammograms to detect breast cancer are examples of secondary prevention.
A pre-participation
B forensic
C screening
D occupational
8. Taking an ….................... by persons suffering from an allergy-related condition can offset its symptoms.
A analgesic
B antihistamine
C anticoagulant
D antibiotic
9. This is not an OTC drug – your GP should be able to give you a …....................... .
A receipe
B referral
C prescription
D recommendation
10. The nerves that connect the brain and structures of the head are called …......................... nerves.
A skull
B cranial
C head
D facial
Task 2. Complete this excerpt form a case report with the words provided below it – there are more words than you need, do not repeat the words or change their form.
The patient was admitted 1) …...................... the surgical ward with preparation for open surgery. The abdomen was opened through the 2) ….................. of the 3) …................... incision, and an abscess was observed and drained. A hole was detected in the 4) ..…................. fascia. The anterior duodenum was oedomatous and 5) …........................ with coverage of fibrin. A small perforated duodenal 6) …................. was seen. Graham patch 7) ….................... was performed to repair the perforated duodenal ulcer with two 8) ...…................. put in place and then the abdomen was closed. The patient was managed with 9) ….….................. fluids, as well as 10) …................... and antibiotics.
procedure / in / of / to / ulcer / peritoneal / open / intravenous / previous / ulcer / analgesics / submuscular / drains / at / site / sight / latter / thickened / mucus / treatment / antitussives / stitchings
Opracowane na podstawie: Zhongua, Sun. Tips for writing a case report for the novice author, Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences, 21 lipiec 2013. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4175810/
GRAMATYKA (20 pkt)
Task 1. Read the questions and choose one answer A, B, C or D.
1. If I were you I .................... check the patient’s vital signs first.
A would
B will
C did
D may
2. I will not go to school tomorrow ...................... I feel better.
A if
B unless
C until
D as
3. You will be able to collect your medical statement sheet when we .................... the results from the lab.
A obtain
B will obtain
C to obtain
D obtained
4. This patient ...................... examined by the GP at the moment.
A is
B is being
C has
D will be
5. The surgeon is said ..................... this operation several times already.
A to has made
B to have made
C to make
D of making
6. Would you mind …................... on the scales please?
A stand
B to stand
C standing
D to standing
6. Valuables should be given to the nursing staff ….......................in the safe.
A to securing
B to be secured
C to have secured
D to have been secured
7. Your asset is fluent French and skills so I’m positive this time next year you ….......................... in the field with Doctors Without Borders.
A wor
B will work
C will be working
D will have worked
8. Dr House was …................. a good film that we decided to go and see it again.
A so
B so as
C such
D such as
9. I will ................... my doctor for ten years this year.
A know
B knew
C have known
D have been knowing
10. ................... to low-pitch relaxing music can change how we feel.
A Listening
B Listen
C To listen
D Having listened
Task 2. Put the words in brackets in the appropriate form.
1. Ask the doctor what complications he …................................. (expect).
2. A hard mattress ….............................. (recommend) for back pain.
3. …............................... (hurt) when I press here?
4. Unless you take the whole dosage of this antibiotic, the bacteria ….......................... (grow) stronger.
5. The nurse told me …............................... (wait) here until I’m called.
6. He can’t …............................ (be) a doctor – he was wearing green scrubs, like all nurses in this clinic!
7. It …................................ (expect) that the cure for cancer will be found soon.
8. It’s the second time the surgeon …............................. (perform) a face transplant.
9. Why are your eyes so sore? I …............................. (read) in dim light.
10.By the time the ambulance arrived at the scene of the accident the casualty …............................. (pass) away.
PISANIE (10 pkt)
Write an answer to one of the tasks 1-3 in this part. Circle the task of your choice and write your answer in around 150 words in the space provided below.
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Write a case report – use the information given in the admission form below. The words provided in the form (about 80) do not count unless paraphrased.
NEW PATIENT INFORMATION
Date of consultation: 21 Jan. 2019
Name: Brendan Stoe, Age: 58, referred by GP
Datails of injury or illness, including date, location and other details:
increasing exacerbations of asthma, diabetes (blood glucose readings increasing to the rate of 300-400 mg/dl, night sweats, shortness of breath
On examination: looks well, in no acute distress, BP 130/78 mmHg, pulse 88 bpm, respirations 22 per minute, lungs clear to auscultation bilaterally without wheezing, rales, or rhonchi, lower extremities +1 pitting oedema bilaterally (reportedly swollen only during daytime)
Treatment: currently treated with a preparation of insulin (Humalog 75/25); diltiazem, 4 mg daily (per cardiologist consult)
Provisional diagnosis: poorly controlled, severe, persistent asthma; diabetes worsened by asthma flare-up
Management: full blood count, liver panel, lipid panel; instruction on the use of a peak flow meter to monitor his readings in order to determine an asthma action plan
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You have decided to apply for a job in the profession you are studying. Write a covering letter.
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Write a review of a chosen body system including information about its structure and functions.